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Site Surveys Using Chirp II Sub-bottom Profiler

TDI-Brooks International utilizes the Datasonics CAP-6600 Chirp II system for geophysical site surveys. The Chirp II system acquires, displays and records high-resolution profiles of the seafloor and provides up to 60m penetration and visualization of the deeper sub-bottom layers. This highly versatile system can be used in any number of configurations for shallow to deep water operation, utilizing either a towed vehicle or hull mount configuration.

The systems dual frequency operation allows for the simultaneous acquisition of chirp and/or low frequency analog data. Lower frequencies achieve greater penetration; higher frequencies achieve higher resolution. Typically, maximum penetration is attained in soft materials such as clays and silts, with a minimal penetration in compact sands and gravel tills.

The Chirp II system is also an invaluable tool for verifying the accuracy of requested core sample positions during SGE programs. TDI-Brooks generally records at least one 1km survey line over each core location prior to sample acquisition. Real time high resolution Chirp II sub-bottom data can be compared to seismic survey data provided by the client to ensure that each core is being taken at the desired location. This real time data also allows the field staff to make adjustments to core positioning to better target the desired feature, particularly where the target has an obvious surface or shallow sub-bottom expression. A print out of each chirp line indicating requested and actual core locations is provided to the client at the end of each job.


Image of target feature from client seismic


Waypoint from client adjusted in field based on
real time chirp data

The CAP-6600 digitally synthesizes and transmits a linearly swept, frequency-modulated Chirp pulse with resolution proportional to the transmitted bandwidth. The Chirp output is a long FM pulse which provides an additional 20 to 30 dB signal to noise ratio improvement over conventional sub-bottom profiling systems. This frequency-modulated pulse, combined with the matched filter correlation, results in significantly increased resolution and penetration. On board signal processing substantially reduces transducer ringing and side lobes, which is imperative for shallow water operation. The transmitted waveform is repeatable from pulse to pulse in order to provide acoustic data that is quantitative, allowing measurement of sonar data required in sediment classification.

Utilitization:
The highest frequency systems are often used in engineering, environmental, archaeological and other applications in which the goal is to resolve layers in the upper one or two meters. The low frequency system provides the penetration and visualization of shallow geological structure to illuminate active petroleum seep structures, mud volcanoes, faults, gassy sediments and the BSR and provides a host of geological information with which to refine core locations and understand recent geological activity.

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